Gambling involves wagering something of value on a random event in the hope of winning some other thing of value. It can be an enjoyable pastime in a social setting, but it can also cause severe psychological and financial harm to individuals and their families. Many types of gambling are available, including casino games (e.g., blackjack and slot machines), sports betting, lottery, bingo and card games. There are also a variety of gambling websites that offer online play.
Some people who gamble experience no problems, but for others it becomes a problem that affects their daily functioning and relationships. It can interfere with work or study performance, cause bankruptcy and even lead to suicide. In addition, gambling can affect family members and friends who may become involved in a loved one’s problem gambling. It can also create problems within communities and society.
The causes of gambling addiction vary and include an early big win, boredom susceptibility, impulsivity, a poor understanding of random events, escape coping and stressful life experiences. Individuals with a history of substance use disorder are also at increased risk for developing a gambling disorder.
Research has shown that it is possible to overcome a gambling problem with therapy, education and support. There is no one-size-fits-all treatment program, however. Some programs focus on changing a person’s attitudes and beliefs about gambling, while others involve teaching a range of behavioural skills. The most successful approaches involve a combination of these techniques, as well as peer support, such as attending meetings of Gamblers Anonymous.
Despite the significant negative impacts of gambling, some studies have documented positive economic and social impacts. These impacts are categorized as costs and benefits, with the former focusing on gambling revenues and costs to public services and the latter examining a gambler’s health-related quality of life (HRQL) and the impact of their behaviour on the wellbeing of their significant others.
The term “gambling disorder” is relatively new and is considered a behavioral addiction rather than a mental illness. In the past, such behaviour was classified as a character flaw or eccentricity, but the recent change reflects the recognition that gambling disorder is similar to other addictions in clinical expression, brain origin, comorbidity and treatment.
If you’re struggling with a gambling problem, it is important to seek help for yourself or your loved one. Talk to a friend, seek professional advice from a doctor or psychologist, or find a self-help group, such as Gamblers Anonymous. You can also try to reduce the amount of money you spend on gambling by strengthening your support network, enrolling in a hobby or educational class, volunteering for a charitable organisation or practicing relaxation exercises. It’s also helpful to learn healthier ways of relieving unpleasant feelings, such as spending time with friends who don’t gamble or exercising. It’s a good idea to keep a record of your gambling activities so you can see the effects on your budget and bank account.
